You have to hand it to Reserve Bank governor Lesetja Kganyago. He loves to give colourful economic explanations, but yesterday he excelled, treating journalists at Thursday’s monetary policy committee briefing to an account of a series of complex financial markets concepts in nursery school terms.  

Were you wondering what the markets folk mean when they talk about spreads? Or about country risk premiums? Think butter or jam. Foreign investors will eat the US government’s slice of bread just as it is, lending to the US government at US treasury bond yields that are viewed as the risk-free rate. But when it comes to a small open economy such as SA with fiscal challenges, investors will demand some form of incentive to eat the bread. “They won’t eat unless you put some spread on it. That spread is the country risk premium,” says the governor. ..

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