Myanmar’s neighbours hold private talks to end violence

Government and representatives from research institutes Myanmar and its neighbours, including India and China, held talks in New Delhi on Tuesday as part of a secretive effort to ease a bloody crisis in the army-run Southeast Asian nation, two sources said.

Myanmar was plunged into conflict and economic chaos in 2021 after its military overthrew the elected civilian government of Nobel laureate Aung San Suu Kyi, triggering an armed resistance that it has sought to violently crush.

The talks this week were the second in a so-called Track 1.5 dialogue that started in Thailand last month and came as frustration grows within the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) bloc at the military’s failure to implement a peace plan it agreed to in April 2021.

The sources, who asked not to be identified and declined to identify the representatives because the process is confidential, said Myanmar, India, China, Thailand, Cambodia and Laos were present at Tuesday’s meeting, as was Indonesia, the current ASEAN chair.

One of the sources said participants were interested in bringing Myanmar’s shadow National Unity Government (NUG) — an organisation affiliated with the resistance and declared “terrorists” by the junta — into the process .

“They are wanting to talk to NUG at some point officially, because the NUG and the Myanmar army haven’t spoken officially at all,” said the source, who was briefed on the meeting. “These are the hopes that the participants have.”

India and Thailand’s foreign ministries, the Chinese embassy in New Delhi and the NUG didn’t immediately respond to queries, while a spokesperson for Myanmar’s junta could not be reached. A spokesperson for Indonesia’s foreign ministry said he was not aware of the meeting.

The meeting was hosted by an Indian policy institute and included discussion on all sides reducing violence, creating space for dialogue and the delivery of humanitarian aid, the second source said, adding the next meeting would be in Laos.

“The neighbouring countries’ perspective needs to be taken into account,” said the source. “For them, the foremost priority is the de-escalation of the violence.”

The junta has been shunned by Western countries, though it has stepped up engagement with Russia and recently hosted visitors from Thailand, including its military chief and the foreign minister.

Retired diplomat Ban Ki-moon, who made multiple trips to Myanmar as UN secretary-general, met the junta leader and its reformist former president on Monday and called for an immediate end to violence.

ASEAN’s peace plan, known as the five-point consensus, is the only official diplomatic process in play for Myanmar and includes halting hostilities and starting dialogue between all parties.

ASEAN has barred the junta from attending until they implement the plan, which has infuriated the generals.

“This effort will not supplant ASEAN,” the second source said of the talks. “This will only complement.” 

Reuters