The co-ordinated September attacks on Saudi Arabia’s oil-rich Eastern Province were unprecedented in scale, halving the kingdom’s oil production, which represents 5% of the world’s oil supply.

Tehran has been blamed for these assaults, as well as sabotage attacks on tankers that they have denied, but admitted shooting down a US spy drone in June, and seized a British-flagged vessel. As the FT’s Andrew England put it: “these attacks were an audacious assault that spectacularly breached the defences of one of the world’s top three buyers of arms and the US’s most important Arab ally”...

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