In its response to the downgrade of SA’s credit rating to "junk", the Treasury calls for reduced reliance on foreign and local borrowing. It notes that only 10% of government’s R2.2-trillion debt is denominated in foreign currency. The rest is rand-denominated. SA should, the Treasury suggests, reduce its dependency on foreign savings and rely less on debt to fund government spending to "secure SA’s fiscal sovereignty and economic independence". Similarly, Finance Minister Malusi Gigaba warns "it is essential that SA relies on her own resources, and that government lives within its means". This advice is sound, because the costs of foreign and local borrowing will rise significantly following the downgrade. However, it sidesteps how difficult weaning SA off its very high reliance on borrowing will be. For more than a decade, the country has consistently spent more than it produced. The resultant deficits with the rest of the world were funded by foreign capital inflows.

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