SA is at a critical juncture. Despite being the wealthiest mining jurisdiction in the world with a non-energy mineral reserved value upwards of $2.4-trillion, the country continues to mainly export raw ores, losing job creation potential, domestic energy generation capacity and substantial export value.

Let’s look at some numbers. In 2018 SA exported $3.5bn of manganese, amounting to 76.6% of the world’s exports. In 2020 the country exported 76.1% of the world’s chromium ore, which is used in a range of clean energy technologies. Manganese and chromium are used for wind, hydro, geothermal, energy storage and carbon capture and storage...

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