The ANC and the National Party were nationalist movements driven by grievance against the British. Their complaint was not so much against British colonialism or imperialism, but rather that the British regime excluded them from also enjoying the fruits of colonialism produced by the exploitation of cheap black labour as well as the exploitation of SA’s mineral treasure trove of diamonds, gold, coal, platinum, chrome and manganese — to name but a few. Afrikaner nationalists were allowed into the British-created economic system in 1910; African nationalists were allowed in 84 years later, in 1994. The problem SA faces today, which it also faced during Afrikaner nationalist rule, is that the vast majority of South Africans are excluded from participation in the economy. The challenge SA faces under African nationalist rule is how to build a new capitalist socioeconomic system that includes all citizens. The exclusion of the majority of citizens from economic benefits during the Afrika...

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