Successive ANC governments have been the worst salespeople for the idea of a developmental state. The governing party’s approach not only ignored the history and evidence of how a developmental state ought to behave, but has corrupted the very concept.

The late economist Thandika Mkandawire explained well what a developmental state was in a paper, “Thinking About Developmental States in Africa”, published in 2001. The ANC approach has failed every aspect of Mkandawire’s test...

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