In 2020, Norges Bank Investment Management (NBIM), the fund manager for the Norwegian sovereign wealth fund, dropped 15 companies from its portfolio. Five were excluded because of exposure to coal (either mining or power production), four for unacceptable greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, four for serious human rights violations and two for serious environmental damage.

To some, this might look like the actions of a niche "responsible" investor. In fact, with more than $1-trillion in assets under management, NBIM is one of the biggest asset managers around: it holds about 1.5% of listed companies globally. And it’s not alone in its focus on environmental, social and governance (ESG) issues...

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