US power companies could battle to keep the lights on amid summer supply crunches

US power companies are facing supply crunches that may hamper their ability to keep the lights on as the nation heads into the heat of summer and the peak hurricane season.

Extreme weather events such as storms, wildfires and drought are becoming more common in the US.

Consumer power use is expected to hit record highs this summer, which could strain electric grids at a time when federal agencies are warning the weather could pose reliability issues. Utilities are warning of supply constraints for equipment, which could hamper efforts to restore power during outages. They are also having a tougher time rebuilding natural gas stockpiles for next winter as power generators burn record amounts of gas after the shutdown of dozens of coal plants in recent years and extreme drought cuts hydropower supplies in many western states.

“Increasingly frequent cold snaps, heatwaves, drought and major storms continue to challenge the ability of our nation’s electric infrastructure to deliver reliable affordable energy to consumers,” Richard Glick, chair of the US Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), said earlier in June.

Federal agencies responsible for power reliability like FERC have warned that grids in the western half of the country could face reliability issues this summer as consumers crank up air conditioners to escape the heat.

Some utilities have already experienced problems due to the heat. Texas’ grid operator, the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT), was forced to urge customers to conserve energy after several plants shut unexpectedly during an early heatwave in mid-May. In mid-June, Ohio-based American Electric Power (AEP) imposed rolling outages during a heatwave after a storm damaged transmission lines and knocked out power to over 200,000 homes and businesses.

The US Midwest faces the most severe risk, because demand is rising while nuclear and coal power supplies have declined. The Midcontinent Independent System Operator (MISO), which operates the grid from Minnesota to Louisiana, warned that parts of its coverage area are at increased risk of temporary outages to preserve the integrity of the grid.

Supply-chain issues have already delayed the construction of renewable energy projects across the country. Those renewable delays coupled with tight power in the Midwest prompted Wisconsin’s WEC Energy Group and Indiana’s NiSource to delay planned coal plant shutdowns in recent months.

Bracing for supply shortages

Utility operators are conserving their inventory of parts and equipment as they plan for severe storms. Over the last several months, that means operators have been getting creative. “We’re doing a lot more splicing, putting cables together, instead of laying new cable, because we’re trying to maintain our new cable for inventory when we need it,” Nick Akins, CEO of AEP, said at the CERAWeek energy conference in March.

Transformers, which often sit on top of electrical poles and convert high-voltage energy to the power used in homes, are in short supply. New Jersey-based Public Service Enterprise Group (PSEG) CEO Ralph Izzo told Reuters the company has had to look at alternate supply options for low-voltage transformers.

“You don’t want to deplete your inventory, because you don’t know when that storm is coming, but you know it’s coming,” Izzo said.

Some utilities are facing waiting times of more than a year for transformer parts, the National Rural Electric Co-operative Association (NRECA) and the American Public Power Association (APPA) told US energy secretary Jennifer Granholm in a May letter.

Summer is just starting, but US weather so far this year has already been about 21% warmer than the 30-year norm, according to data provider Refinitiv.

“If we have successive days of 100-degree-heat, those pole-top transformers, they start popping like Rice Krispies, and we would not have the supply stack to replace them,” Izzo said.

Reuters