Funding woes bar Zimbabwean blueberry farmers chasing boom

Harare — Zimbabwean farmers aim to capitalise on increasing global demand for blueberries, but self-funded growers such as Willard Zireva cite a lack of finance and minimal government support as barriers.

Despite being one of the fastest-growing blueberry producers globally, with production doubling to 7,000 metric tonnes last year due to a favourable climate, Zimbabwean farmers are struggling to secure financing for their operations.

Zimbabwe’s horticultural exports, driven partly by blueberries, exceed $100m annually. The sector’s exports, which peaked at $140m in 1999, were disrupted when former president Robert Mugabe began the seizure of white-owned farms to resettle landless black citizens.

Despite the sector’s recent growth, banks remain wary of financing agriculture due to uncertain land tenure, making it challenging for black farmers such as Zireva to expand.

Blueberry farming in Zimbabwe is dominated by the few remaining local white farmers, many of whom are looking for foreign investment to expand operations.

Zimbabwe’s banks do not accept the 99-year leases handed by the government to resettled farmers as collateral for borrowing.

The banks also tend to be reluctant to lend to farmers because the state has in the past arbitrarily acquired farmland, including from some black commercial farmers.

Zireva cultivates 12ha of blueberry crops at his Talana farm 100km west of capital city Harare that he bought freehold in the 1990s before the land seizures.

He said that he had to rely on personal savings to plant his first crop after a local bank denied him funding.

“If funding is available, there is a huge growth opportunity,” he said.

Growing a hectare of blueberries in Zimbabwe requires at least $100,000 to import plants, peat pots from Europe, and special shades for the crops.

Other costs include refrigerated packaging warehouses and water resources.

“We need interventions and interventions have to come from government, no-one else,” said Zireva, referring to concessional funding for farmers.

The finance and agriculture ministries, as well as the Bankers Association of Zimbabwe (BAZ), did not immediately respond to requests for comment.

Zireva’s farm aims to export 120 metric tonnes of blueberries to the UK and East Asia this year, but he says the demand far exceeds their ability to supply.

His farm requires $1.2m to double output, he added.

“We are hoping that we can get funding next year to put in 8ha so that we get to 20[ha],” Zireva said.

Zimbabwe’s Horticultural Development Council (HDC) said the lack of long-term finance was a significant barrier to the sector’s plans to double blueberry hectarage to 1,500ha by 2030.

HDC CEO Linda Nielsen said that without funding “we will see growth in the blueberries sector coming off on the tonnage side. We really need to grow the hectarage and maintain our market share.”

Reuters