Drums, smoke signals and writing were the main forms of communication technology in the world during the premodern period popularly known as the agricultural revolution. During the first three industrial revolutions, communications technology evolved through a convergence of linotype and press, telegraphy, telephony and news media, as well as digitisation and networking.

At the Davos World Economic Forum in 2019 the theme was “Globalisation 4.0”, a concept driven by the fourth industrial revolution...

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