After every election, public representatives proclaim, by taking an oath of office or through solemn affirmation, that they “will obey, respect and uphold the constitution and other laws of the republic”. They also promise solemnly to carry out their duties as members of the legislature to the best of their abilities.

The oath of office or solemn affirmation of every president also includes the above-mentioned, but then the president further undertakes that he or she “will promote what is to the benefit of the republic and oppose all that may harm the republic”, and that he or she will “protect and promote the rights of all South Africans”...

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