For female athletes, menstruation is something that has been viewed mostly as an inconvenience — it has to be endured, often with accompanying pain and discomfort. In fact, it is not uncommon for sports studies to largely exclude women and disregard the impact their periods have on their performance.

Georgie Bruinvels, a British sports scientist at Orreco sports performance consultancy who has a PhD in iron deficiency and menstrual cycles in sports performance, has set about to change this. A specialist on the effect a woman’s menstrual cycle and hormone fluctuations has on sports performance, she acted as an adviser to the US women’s soccer team that won the 2019 Women’s World Cup earlier in July...

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