Perhaps it is only those who recall the very old days when powerful, large conglomerates controlled much of South African business who feel some unease about Johan van Zyl’s recent appointment as Sanlam chairman. As recently as the 1990s, five entities — Old Mutual, Anglo American, Liberty, Rembrandt and Sanlam — dominated the South African economy. Few significant deals were done without one or other of these parties being involved. Transactions often involved the exchange of assets between two of them. The control structure inevitably meant little more than a handful of individuals ruled the roost and decided who bought what and for how much. The background helps to explain why SA has been dogged by so much collusion and lack of competitiveness despite the opening up of the economy after 1994. For all its faults and difficulties, the economy has come a long way since the National Party shuffled off stage. But, given this historic setting, it is difficult not to see the appointment...

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