Ismail Lagardien Columnist & essayist

Ismail Lagardien was educated at the London School of Economics and holds a PhD in international political economy. Earlier, he was a journalist, a photojournalist and an academic, and worked in the Office of the Chief Economist of the World Bank, and in the Secretariat of the National Planning Commission. He was also the executive dean of business and economics sciences at Nelson Mandela University.